美国精神专科医院建设标准
《 Hospital and health care facilities 2001 》AIA,USA
11. Psychiatric hospital
11.1 General Conditions一般条件
11.1.D. Swing Beds
Occupancy of a group of rooms within the facility may be changed to accommodate different patient groups based on age, sex, security level, or treatment programs.
房间功能和设施需要适应不同患者的年龄，性别，安全级别，或治疗方案为基础的群体。
11.2 General Psychiatric Nursing Unit一般精神科护理组
11.2.B Service Areas
11.2.B16. At least two separate social spaces, one appropriate for noisy activities and one for quiet activities, shall be provided. The combined area shall be at least 25 square (2.32 square meters) per patient with at least 120 square feet(11.15 square meters) for each of the two spaces. This space may be shared by dining activities if an additional 15 square feet(1.39 square meters) per patient is added; otherwise, provide 20 square feet(1.86 square meters) per patient for dining. Dining facilities may be located off the nursing unit in a central area. 至少有两个独立的公共活动空间，一个是安静的活动区，一个是适合于嘈杂的活动区。主要活动区域的面积应为每床至少25平方英尺（2.32平方米），最小面积需要120平方英尺（11.15平方米）。这个空间如果兼做餐厅，应增加每床15平方英尺（1.39平方米），或提供每床20平方英尺（1.86平方米）的用餐区域。餐饮设施可设置在护理单元的中间区域。
11.2.C. Seclusion Treatment Room
There shall be at least one seclusion room for up to 24 beds or a major fraction thereof. The seclusion treatment room is intended for short-term occupancy by violent or suicidal patients. Within the psychiatric nursing unit, this space provides for patients requiring security and protection. The room
shall be located for direct nursing staff supervision. Each room shall be for only one patient.
隔离治疗室作为一个重要设置，至少应当每24床设置一间。隔离治疗室用于短期停留，应对暴力或自杀倾向的病人入住。精神科护理单元内，这个空间需要为病人提供安全和保护。该室直接在护理工作人员的监督下。每个房间只有一个病人。
It shall have an area of at least 60 square feet(5.6 square meters) and shall be constructed to prevent patient hiding, escape, injury, or suicide. Where restraint beds are required by the functional program, 80 square feet(7.43 square meters) shall be required. If a facility has more than one psychiatric nursing unit, the number of seclusion rooms shall be a function of the total number of psychiatric beds in the facility.
隔离治疗室至少60个平方英尺（5.6平方米）面积，以应对病人躲藏，逃避，伤害，或自杀。需要设置约束功能病床的房间，须80平方英尺（7.43平方米）。如果大于一个精神专科护理单元，隔离房间数目应按精神科病床总数的需要设置。
Seclusion rooms may be grouped together. Special fixtures and hardware for electrical circuits shall be used. Doors shall be 3 feet 8 inches(1.12 meters) wide and shall permit staff observation patient privacy. Minimum ceiling height shall be 9 feet (2.74 meters). Seclusion treatment rooms shall be accessed by an anteroom or vestibule that also provides direct access to a toilet room. The toilet room and anteroom shall be large enough to safely manage the patient. The seclusion room door shall swing out.
隔离室可能被组合在一起。可能需要专用夹具和硬件电路。门须3英尺8英寸（1.12米）宽，并应便于工作人员观察病人。天花板最低高度应9英尺（2.74米）。隔离治疗室应当设置门厅，并能通向厕所。门厅和厕所面积应满足病人安全管理。在隔离室的门应外开。
Where the interior of the seclusion treatment room is padded with combustible materials, these materials shall be of a type acceptable to the local authority having jurisdiction. The room area, including floor, walls, ceilings, and all openings shall be protected with not less than one-hour-rated construction.
隔离治疗室使用的材料应是当地有管辖权的机关允许的室内材料填充。房间内部，包括地板，墙壁，天花板，所有的材料应不少于1小时的防火要求。
11.4 Geriatric, Alzheimer’s, and Other Dementia Unit老年，老年痴呆症和其他痴呆组
11.4.A. Patient Rooms
11.4.A1. Patient room areas shall be at least 120 square feet(11.15 square meters) in single bedrooms and 200 square feet(18.58 square meters) in multiple-bed rooms. 病房区域单床间至少有120平方英尺（11.15平方米），双床间200平方英尺（18.58平方米）。
11.4.A4. Door to patient room shall be a minimum of 3 feet 8 inches wide(1.12 meters). 病人的房间门应最低为3英尺8英寸宽（1.12米）